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Anatomy of the Ear

Anatomy of the Ear

Auditory sensation, commonly called hearing, involves the transformation of sonic waves into neural impulses facilitated by the structures of the auditory organ. The prominent, flesh-like structure on the side of the head, called the auricle, directs sound waves towards the auditory canal. The auricle is often mislabeled as the pinna, a term more aligned with mobile structures like a feline's external ear. The auditory canal penetrates the cranium via the external auditory meatus of the...

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Making Recommendations for an Evaluation and Treatment Algorithm for Patients with Ear Fullness and No Objective

Kelly Lee¹, Richard Adamovich-Zeitlin¹, Maja Svrakic²

¹Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, New Hyde Park, New York.

Otology & Neurotology : Official Publication of the American Otological Society, American Neurotology Society [And] European Academy of Otology and Neurotology

|March 4, 2024

Summary

Ear fullness without objective causes often links to temporomandibular joint dysfunction, Eustachian tube dysfunction, migraine, or anxiety. Treatment targeting these conditions can alleviate symptoms or guide functional neurologic disorder counseling.

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Area of Science:

Otolaryngology
Neurology
Psychiatry

Background:

Ear fullness without objective findings is a common yet challenging clinical presentation.
Identifying underlying causes is crucial for effective patient management and counseling.

Purpose of the Study:

To recommend evaluation, counseling, and treatment strategies for patients with ear fullness and normal otoscopic, audiometric, and imaging results.
To identify common diagnoses associated with unexplained ear fullness.

Main Methods:

Retrospective chart review of 263 adult patients with ear fullness and no objective abnormalities.
Data included demographics, symptom characteristics, comorbidities, and diagnoses such as temporomandibular joint (TMJ) dysfunction, intermittent Eustachian tube dysfunction (iETD), migraine, and anxiety.

Main Results:

Women were more likely than men to present with ear fullness and no objective abnormalities.
Isolated ear fullness correlated with iETD, while otalgia was more associated with TMJ dysfunction.
Over 94% of patients were diagnosed with TMJ dysfunction, iETD, migraine, anxiety, or a combination thereof.

Conclusions:

The majority of patients with unexplained ear fullness have contributing factors like TMJ dysfunction, iETD, migraine, or anxiety.
Treatments targeting these conditions may resolve symptoms or inform counseling within a functional neurologic disorder framework.