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Related Concept Videos

Inflammatory Bowel Disease II: Crohn's Disease01:30

Inflammatory Bowel Disease II: Crohn's Disease

244
Introduction
Inflammatory bowel disease, commonly known as IBD, refers to a collection of disorders that lead to persistent inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract. The two types of IBD are ulcerative colitis, which impacts the colon, and Crohn's disease, which can involve any part of the gastrointestinal segment.
Crohn's disease
Crohn's disease is a chronic, systemic inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) that predominantly affects the gastrointestinal tract. It is marked by...
244
Chronic Bowel Disorders: Introduction01:17

Chronic Bowel Disorders: Introduction

450
Chronic bowel diseases are a group of long-term conditions affecting the digestive tract, characterized by inflammation and damage to the gut lining. These conditions primarily include irritable bowel syndrome and inflammatory bowel disease.
Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) is a common disorder affecting the gastrointestinal tract. The distinctive feature is recurrent abdominal pain associated with altered bowel movements, manifesting as constipation, diarrhea, or fluctuating between both. The...
450
Inflammatory Bowel Disease I: Ulcerative Colitis01:27

Inflammatory Bowel Disease I: Ulcerative Colitis

184
Introduction
Inflammatory bowel disease, or IBD, encompasses a group of disorders characterized by chronic inflammation or ulceration of the gastrointestinal tract.
Risk Factors
The exact cause of IBD remains unclear, although it is believed to be due to a mix of genetic, environmental, microbial, and immune factors. Genetic factors are significant in determining susceptibility to IBD, with family history being a critical risk factor. Individuals with a first-degree relative who has IBD are at...
184
Drugs for Treatment of Crohn's Disease in IBD Using Immunomodulatory Agents01:29

Drugs for Treatment of Crohn's Disease in IBD Using Immunomodulatory Agents

163
Crohn's disease is an inflammatory bowel disorder marked by chronic inflammation of the GI tract. Various treatment strategies for Crohn's disease are employed, such as immunomodulatory agents, glucocorticoids, and biologics or anti-TNF therapy. Azathioprine (Imuran), a commonly used immunomodulatory drug for Crohn's disease, is converted in the body to mercaptopurine, which inhibits purine biosynthesis and cell proliferation. Both are utilized in severe cases of Inflammatory Bowel...
163
Drugs for Treatment of Crohn's Disease in IBD Using Biologic Agents: Anti-TNF01:24

Drugs for Treatment of Crohn's Disease in IBD Using Biologic Agents: Anti-TNF

137
Tumor Necrosis Factor (TNF), a proinflammatory cytokine, contributes significantly to the inflammation seen in Crohn's disease. It exists as soluble TNF and membrane-bound TNF, with actions mediated through TNF receptors (TNFR). TNFR activation leads to the release of proinflammatory cytokines, T-cell activation, collagen production, and leukocyte migration, all contributing to inflammation in Crohn's disease. Anti-TNF monoclonal antibodies, namely infliximab (Remicade), adalimumab...
137
Drugs for Treatment of Crohn's Disease in IBD Using Glucocorticoids01:21

Drugs for Treatment of Crohn's Disease in IBD Using Glucocorticoids

118
Glucocorticoids, a class of anti-inflammatory drugs, are pivotal in treating moderate to severe Crohn's disease by inducing remission. They exhibit their anti-inflammatory action by inhibiting the production of inflammatory cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interleukin (IL)-1, and chemokines like IL-8. In addition, they reduce the expression of inflammatory cell adhesion molecules and inhibit gene transcription of nitric oxide synthase, phospholipase A2, cyclooxygenase-2...
118

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Crohn's disease.

Michael Dolinger1, Joana Torres2, Severine Vermeire3

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Crohn's disease is a chronic gastrointestinal inflammatory condition. Current management focuses on deeper healing targets beyond remission, utilizing advanced therapies for improved patient outcomes.

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Area of Science:

  • Gastroenterology
  • Immunology
  • Internal Medicine

Background:

  • Crohn's disease is a chronic inflammatory gastrointestinal disorder potentially causing progressive bowel damage.
  • Its etiology is multifactorial, involving immune system dysregulation in genetically susceptible individuals.
  • Inflammation is typically discontinuous, patchy, segmental, and transmural, often affecting the ileum and colon.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To outline the current diagnostic standards for Crohn's disease.
  • To describe evolving treatment strategies aiming for deeper healing targets.
  • To highlight advancements in Crohn's disease management.

Main Methods:

  • Diagnosis relies on ileocolonoscopy and histology, supplemented by lab tests, imaging, and psychosocial assessment.
  • Treatment strategies now incorporate endoscopic healing, histological, and transmural targets.
  • Advanced therapies and novel pathways are being developed and utilized.

Main Results:

  • Diagnostic assessment is comprehensive, integrating clinical, laboratory, imaging, and psychosocial data.
  • Treatment goals have shifted towards achieving deeper remission and altering disease progression.
  • Newer therapies offer improved safety profiles and have ushered in a new era of healing.

Conclusions:

  • Crohn's disease management is advancing with a focus on comprehensive assessment and deeper healing.
  • Early effective advanced therapies and novel treatment pathways are improving outcomes.
  • Future strategies may combine therapies, diet, and improved monitoring tools for enhanced patient care.