Laser induced damage threshold of GaSe with antireflection microstructures at a wavelength of 5 µm

Large GaSe crystals were grown and various antireflection microstructures (ARMs) were fabricated on their cleaved surfaces using optimized femtosecond laser ablation, which provided the antireflection effect in a wide wavelength range of 4-16 µm. The influence of ARMs created on the GaSe surface on the change of the laser-induced damage threshold (LIDT) of the crystal at a wavelength of 5 μm was evaluated. The 5-µm Fe:ZnMgSe laser with the pulse duration of 135 ns was used for the LIDT test in conditions close to single pulse exposure. The measured values of LIDT of 56 ± 6 MW/cm² and 51 ± 9 MW/cm² for two GaSe substrates, respectively, were comparable with the known data of single pulse LIDT of GaSe. The average LIDT intensities of 54 ± 6 MW/cm² and 52 ± 7 MW/cm² for the ARMs at two GaSe plates, respectively, were close to LIDT intensities for the corresponding GaSe substrates. The ARMs with lower structural quality had lower LIDT (50-52 MW/cm²) in comparison with the high-quality ARMs (58-60 MW/cm²). High LIDT for high-quality ARMs can be caused by increased selenium content in the ARMs. In any case, all the tested ARMs on the GaSe plates with different surface quality are workable for development of widely tunable mid-infrared nonlinear optical converters.