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Jonas Hertz1, Ulrik A Felding1, Karen Marie Thyssen Astvad2

  • 1Øre-Næse-Hals Afdelingen, Københavns Universitetshospital - Nordsjællands Hospital.

Ugeskrift for Laeger
|March 6, 2024
PubMed
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External otitis (EO), a painful ear canal infection, is reviewed. It stems from factors like pH, inflammation, and microbial invasion, necessitating prompt treatment to prevent complications.

Area of Science:

  • Otolaryngology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Microbiology

Background:

  • External otitis (EO) is a prevalent and frequently painful infection affecting the ear canal.
  • Understanding the multifactorial etiology of EO, including pH, inflammation, and microbial factors, is crucial for effective management.

Approach:

  • This review synthesizes current knowledge on the presentation, causes, complications, and treatment of external otitis.
  • It examines the role of common bacterial pathogens like Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus, and fungal agents such as Aspergillus and Candida species.

Key Points:

  • Key factors influencing EO include altered pH, inflammation, and invasion by bacteria or fungi.
  • Serious complications, such as necrotizing external otitis, demand urgent medical intervention.

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  • Treatment strategies range from topical therapies and ear drops to systemic antibiotics for severe infections.

    • Conclusions:

    • Effective management of external otitis relies on accurate diagnosis and appropriate treatment, tailored to the specific causative agents and disease severity.
    • Prompt recognition and management of complications are essential to prevent long-term sequelae.