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Teeth01:15

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The formation of teeth, also known as odontogenesis, is a complex process that begins in utero, around the sixth week of embryonic development. There are three stages to this process: the bud stage, the cap stage, and the bell stage.
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Mandibular shape and diet in extant primates: a 3D geometric morphometric analysis.

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Summary

Three-dimensional (3D) mandibular shape in primates shows a weak link to diet. Factors like allometry and phylogeny significantly influence jaw shape more than diet, limiting its use for inferring extinct primate diets.

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Area of Science:

  • Biological anthropology
  • Paleontology
  • Primate evolution

Background:

  • Understanding primate mandibular morphology and diet is crucial for inferring extinct hominin diets.
  • Previous studies using 2D data yielded inconclusive results.
  • 3D geometric morphometrics offers a potential advancement in analyzing mandibular shape variation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the relationship between 3D mandibular shape and diet in extant primates.
  • To determine if 3D shape data provides clearer insights than 2D data.
  • To assess the influence of allometry and phylogeny on mandibular shape.

Main Methods:

  • Geometric morphometrics applied to 3D scans of over 200 primate specimens (27 species).
  • Analyses correlated mandibular shape with standard dietary categories and diet quality index.
  • Statistical corrections for allometry and phylogenetic effects were implemented.

Main Results:

  • A weak association was found between 3D mandibular shape and dietary categories, diminishing when accounting for phylogeny.
  • No significant relationship was observed between mandibular shape and diet quality index.
  • Allometry and phylogeny demonstrated stronger influences on mandibular shape than diet.

Conclusions:

  • The relationship between 3D mandibular shape and diet in extant primates is weak.
  • Mandibular shape is primarily influenced by allometry and phylogeny, not diet.
  • 3D mandibular shape analysis is unlikely to significantly aid in reconstructing extinct primate diets.