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Related Concept Videos

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People all belong to a gender, race, age, and social economic group. These groups provide a powerful source of our identity and self-esteem (Tajfel & Turner, 1979) and serve as our in-groups. An in-group is a group that we identify with or see ourselves as belonging to.
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Adolescents from ethnic minority backgrounds face a multifaceted journey in forming their identities, shaped by the intersections of cultural expectations and personal exploration. For these adolescents, identity formation involves not only typical developmental challenges but also navigating the perceptions and attitudes of the majority culture. As they grow, adolescents in ethnic minority groups often become increasingly aware of stereotypes, social biases, and discrimination, all of which...
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When in group settings, we are often influenced by the thoughts, feelings, and behaviors around us. Groupthink is another phenomenon of conformity where modification of the opinions of members in a group aligns with what they believe is the group consensus (Janis, 1972). In such situations, the group often takes action that individuals would not perform outside the group setting because groups make more extreme decisions than individuals do. Moreover, groupthink can hinder opposing trains of...
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During the 1950s, the landmark Robbers Cave experiment demonstrated that when groups must compete with one another, intergroup conflict, hostility, and even violence may result. At the Oklahoman summer camp, two troops of boys—termed the Rattlers and the Eagles—took part in a week-long tournament. During this time, their negativity culminated in derogatory name-calling, fistfights, and even vandalism and destruction of property. However, this work also revealed that such tension...
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Humans are very diverse and although we share many similarities, we also have many differences. The social groups we belong to help form our identities (Tajfel, 1974). These differences may be difficult for some people to reconcile, which may lead to prejudice toward people who are different. Prejudice is a negative attitude and feeling toward an individual based solely on one’s membership in a particular social group (Allport, 1954; Brown, 2010). Prejudice is common against people who...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 1, 2025

The Social Dimension of Stress: Experimental Manipulations of Social Support and Social Identity in the Trier Social Stress Test
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Large Group Identity, Psychological Borders, and Unofficial Diplomacy.

Vamik D Volkan

    International Journal of Group Psychotherapy
    |March 6, 2024
    PubMed
    Summary

    This keynote explores large group identity development and its relationship with the individual self. It examines barriers to intergroup coexistence and proposes strategies for fostering peace.

    Area of Science:

    • Psychology
    • Sociology
    • Group Dynamics

    Background:

    • The paper addresses the complexities of identity formation within large social collectives.
    • It builds upon existing theories of individual and group psychology.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To elucidate the development of large group identity in parallel with individual self-concept.
    • To identify obstacles hindering peaceful coexistence between different groups.
    • To propose actionable methods for promoting intergroup harmony.

    Main Methods:

    • The study is based on a keynote presentation synthesizing theoretical frameworks and clinical observations.
    • It involves a qualitative exploration of concepts related to group identity and conflict.

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    Main Results:

    • Large group identity emerges and evolves in conjunction with individual identity.
    • Significant barriers to intergroup coexistence stem from identity-related factors.
    • Specific strategies can be implemented to enhance peace and cooperation among groups.

    Conclusions:

    • Understanding the interplay between individual and large group identity is crucial for social cohesion.
    • Addressing barriers to coexistence requires targeted interventions focused on group dynamics.
    • Fostering peace is achievable through conscious efforts to promote mutual understanding and collaboration.