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Language-based EMA assessments help understand problematic alcohol consumption.

August Håkan Nilsson1,2, Hansen Andrew Schwartz3, Richard N Rosenthal4

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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Daily language use reveals alcohol consumption patterns. Drinking alone correlates with lower well-being, while social drinking is linked to happiness, highlighting the social context of alcohol behavior.

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Area of Science:

  • Psychology
  • Public Health
  • Sociology

Background:

  • Unhealthy alcohol consumption poses a significant public health challenge.
  • Low to moderate alcohol intake is often linked to higher subjective well-being, potentially due to social consumption with friends.
  • Traditional methods struggle to disentangle the complex health and social factors of alcohol behavior.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the relationship between daily affective subjective well-being and alcohol consumption.
  • To explore the role of social context (drinking alone vs. with others) in this relationship.
  • To compare the predictive power of language-based well-being versus rating scales.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized daily language analysis and ecological momentary assessment (EMA) over two weeks with 908 US restaurant workers.
  • Collected up to three daily assessments per participant, including descriptions of feelings, emotion ratings, and alcohol behavior (alone or with others).
  • Employed both between-person and within-person analyses across 12,692 days.

Main Results:

  • Language-based subjective well-being more accurately predicted alcohol behavior than rating scales, both between and within individuals.
  • Increased alcohol consumption on days with positive language, often describing socializing with friends.
  • Subjective well-being correlated more negatively with drinking alone (r = -.29) than total drinking (r = -.10).
  • Drinking alone was associated with language describing sadness, stress, anxiety, nervousness, and annoyance, alongside lower reported well-being.

Conclusions:

  • Daily subjective well-being, particularly as expressed through language, partially explains the social aspects of alcohol consumption.
  • The context of drinking alone significantly mediates this relationship, being associated with diminished subjective well-being.
  • Language-based assessment offers a nuanced understanding of alcohol behavior and its connection to emotional states.