Local O₂ concentrating boosts the electro-Fenton process for energy-efficient water remediation

The electro-Fenton process is a state-of-the-art water treatment technology used to remove organic contaminants. However, the low O₂ utilization efficiency (OUE, <1%) and high energy consumption remain the biggest obstacles to practical application. Here, we propose a local O₂ concentrating (LOC) approach to increase the OUE by over 11-fold compared to the conventional simple O₂ diffusion route. Due to the well-designed molecular structure, the LOC approach enables direct extraction of O₂ from the bulk solution to the reaction interface; this eliminates the need to pump O₂/air to overcome the sluggish O₂ mass transfer and results in high Faradaic efficiencies (~50%) even under natural air diffusion conditions. Long-term operation of a flow-through pilot device indicated that the LOC approach saved more than 65% of the electric energy normally consumed in treating actual industrial wastewater, demonstrating the great potential of this system-level design to boost the electro-Fenton process for energy-efficient water remediation.