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Published on: March 30, 2018
Epstein-Barr virus latency patterns in polymorphic lymphoproliferative disorders and lymphomas in immunodeficiency
Ashley K Volaric1, Atif Saleem2, Sheren F Younes2
1Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Vermont Larner College of Medicine, 89 Beaumont Avenue, Burlington, VT 05405, USA; Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, 291 Campus Drive, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.
Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) latency patterns in B cell lymphoproliferative disorders (LPD) were characterized using immunohistochemistry. EBV latency III was common in post-transplant lymphoproliferative disorders (PTLD), unlike other lymphomas.
Area of Science:
- Oncology
- Virology
- Immunology
Background:
- Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) causes B cell lymphoproliferative disorders (LPD), ranging from subclinical infections to neoplasms.
- EBV establishes latent infection in host B cells, characterized by specific protein expression.
Purpose of the Study:
- To characterize EBV latency patterns in immunodeficiency-related neoplasms, specifically post-transplant lymphoproliferative disorders (PTLD).
- To correlate EBV latency patterns with immunodeficiency and dysregulation (IDD) status and time post-transplant.
Main Methods:
- Immunohistochemistry was used to detect EBV latent membrane protein-1 (LMP-1) and EBV nuclear antigen-2 (EBNA-2).
- In situ hybridization (EBER-ISH) detected EBV-encoded small RNAs.
- 38 EBV+ PTLD cases were compared with 27 cases of classic Hodgkin lymphoma (CHL) and diffuse large B cell lymphoma (DLBCL).
Main Results:
- A spectrum of EBV latency patterns was observed in PTLD, contrasting with CHL and DLBCL in therapy-related immunodeficiency settings.
- Polymorphic-PTLD and DLBCL-PTLD predominantly showed latency III pattern (75% and 82%, respectively).
- EBV+ CHL in immunocompetent patients exclusively showed latency II pattern (100%).
Conclusions:
- Immunohistochemical detection of EBV latency (LMP-1, EBNA-2) aids in classifying PTLD.
- This classification is valuable when compared to other EBV+ B cell LPDs and lymphomas in various immunodeficiency settings.
