Metal-organic framework (MOF)-based biosensors for miRNA detection.

Area of Science:

• Biomaterials Science
• Analytical Chemistry
• Molecular Biology

Background:

• MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are vital biomarkers for disease diagnosis, but their detection is challenging due to small size and low abundance.
• Accurate and sensitive detection methods for miRNAs are crucial for clinical applications.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review the application of metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) and MOF-derived materials in fabricating biosensors for microRNA detection.
• To discuss the principles, analytical performance, and fabrication of various MOF-based miRNA detection platforms.

Main Methods:

• Exploration of MOFs' properties like high porosity, surface area, and tunable pores for biosensing.
• Review of MOF-based fluorescence, electrochemical, chemiluminescence, electrochemiluminescent, and photoelectrochemical biosensors.
• Analysis of detection principles and performance metrics for various miRNA sensing platforms.

Main Results:

• MOFs provide excellent platforms for developing sensitive and selective miRNA biosensors.
• MOF-derived materials offer versatile functionalities for enhanced biosensor fabrication.
• Diverse MOF-based biosensing strategies achieve significant analytical performance for miRNA detection.

Conclusions:

• MOFs and their derivatives are highly promising for advanced miRNA detection technologies.
• MOF-based biosensors offer solutions to the challenges in detecting low-abundance and similar miRNA sequences.
• This review provides comprehensive insights into MOF-based miRNA sensing mechanisms and fabrication.