Cannabinoids for Behavioral Symptoms in Dementia: An Overview

Area of Science:

• Neuroscience
• Pharmacology
• Geriatrics

Background:

• Dementia prevalence is rising globally due to aging populations, with no current cure.
• Behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia (BPSD) are common, difficult to treat, and have side effects.
• Cannabinoids interact with CB1 and CB2 receptors, influencing key biological functions.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review clinical studies on cannabinoid use for BPSD.
• To assess the efficacy and safety of cannabinoids in dementia patients.
• To identify potential benefits of specific cannabinoids like THC and CBD.

Main Methods:

• Systematic review of prospective clinical studies and randomized clinical trials.
• Studies published between 2005 and April 2023 were included.
• Focus on cannabinoid interventions for BPSD.

Main Results:

• Older studies with low-dose synthetic THC showed no benefits for BPSD.
• More recent studies using higher-dose oral THC/CBD medications demonstrate promising results.
• These higher-dose cannabinoid treatments appear feasible and safe for elderly, polymedicated patients.

Conclusions:

• Cannabinoids, particularly THC/CBD combinations at higher doses, show potential for managing BPSD.
• Further research is needed to establish optimal dosing and clinical efficiency.
• Sociological aspects of cannabinoid prescription for dementia should also be explored.