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    Summary

    Prosthetic control is improved by understanding how body posture affects muscle signals. Calibration in seated and dynamic postures optimizes myoelectric control for transtibial amputees.

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    Area of Science:

    • Biomedical Engineering
    • Rehabilitation Technology
    • Biomechanics

    Background:

    • Myoelectric control of prostheses relies on muscle signal normalization and co-contraction identification.
    • Previous research on posture's effect on lower-limb muscle activation is extensive in able-bodied individuals but limited post-amputation.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To compare the impact of different calibration postures (seated, standing, dynamic) on user tracking performance.
    • To investigate how these posture-dependent muscle activation relationships differ between able-bodied and transtibial amputee subjects.
    • To determine optimal normalization strategies for myoelectric control.

    Main Methods:

    • A virtual tracking task was employed with 18 able-bodied and 9 transtibial amputee subjects.
    • Surface electromyography (EMG) data were collected during seated and standing tracking postures.
    • Three calibration postures (seated, standing, dynamic) were evaluated for their effect on EMG signal characteristics.

    Main Results:

    • Able-bodied subjects showed significant gastrocnemius (GAS) activation differences between seated and standing calibration, unlike tibialis anterior (TA).
    • Transtibial amputee subjects exhibited no significant GAS or TA activation differences between seated and standing calibration.
    • Normalizing EMG by the global maximum signal was found to be suboptimal for myoelectric control.

    Conclusions:

    • Body posture significantly influences muscle activation patterns in able-bodied individuals but less so in transtibial amputees.
    • Calibration in both seated and dynamic postures is recommended for robust myoelectric control.
    • Utilizing normalization data from seated posture and narrow co-contraction slopes from dynamic posture yields best results.