Current State of Dermatology Mobile Applications With Artificial Intelligence Features

Area of Science:

• Dermatology
• Artificial Intelligence
• Mobile Health Technology

Background:

• Direct-to-consumer mobile applications leveraging artificial intelligence (AI) for skin condition assessment are increasingly available.
• Despite widespread adoption, these AI dermatology apps often lack robust evidence of efficacy and safety.

Purpose of the Study:

• To systematically identify and characterize English-language AI dermatology mobile apps.
• To evaluate their purpose, evidence base, regulatory status, clinician involvement, and data privacy practices.

Main Methods:

• A cross-sectional study involving systematic searches of Apple and Android app stores for AI-powered dermatology apps.
• Detailed evaluation of 41 selected apps based on predefined criteria including evidence, regulatory approval, and data handling.

Main Results:

• None of the analyzed AI dermatology apps were approved by the US Food and Drug Administration.
• Significant deficiencies were found in supporting evidence, clinician input, algorithm transparency, and data privacy measures.
• Only two apps provided disclaimers regarding regulatory status.

Conclusions:

• Current AI dermatology mobile apps present potential risks due to lack of validation, regulatory oversight, and transparent communication.
• Standardized evaluation, regulation, and validation are essential to ensure the safe and effective use of these technologies in dermatology.
• While promising for access to care, immediate improvements are needed to mitigate risks associated with AI dermatology apps.