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Risk Factors for Multiple Violations of Protective Orders in Intimate Partner Violence Against Women
Marta Caballé-Pérez1, Jorge Santos-Hermoso2, Juan José López-Ossorio3,4
1Profiling and Criminal Behavior Analysis Group (PACC-UB), Faculty of Law, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain mcaballe@ub.edu caballe.marta@gmail.com.
Violence and Victims
|March 7, 2024
Summary
Early protective order violations, serious physical violence, death threats, jealousy, harassment, and control increase the risk of repeat domestic violence. Identifying these factors is crucial for preventing revictimization in intimate partner violence cases.
Area of Science:
- Criminology
- Sociology
- Domestic Violence Research
Background:
- Intimate partner violence (IPV) is a significant societal issue with profound impacts on victims.
- Protective orders are legal tools intended to safeguard victims, but violations indicate ongoing risk.
- Understanding recidivism patterns in IPV cases is essential for developing effective interventions.
Purpose of the Study:
- To analyze the dynamics of time and violence in intimate partner relationships involving protective order violations.
- To identify specific risk factors associated with multiple violations (recidivism) of protective orders.
- To propose evidence-based measures to prevent revictimization in domestic violence cases.
Main Methods:
- Quantitative analysis of 1,134 cases of IPV with protective order violations.
- Monitoring period of up to 15 months to assess violation frequency.
- Comparative analysis of single versus multiple violation cases to identify risk factors.
Main Results:
- Early violation of protective orders is significantly linked to multiple violations.
- Serious physical violence, death threats, jealousy, harassment, and controlling behaviors are key indicators of recidivism.
- These factors collectively increase the likelihood of repeated domestic violence incidents.
Conclusions:
- Specific behaviors and timing of violations are critical predictors of repeat offending in IPV.
- Intervention strategies should focus on addressing early violations and the identified risk factors.
- The findings support the need for targeted approaches to prevent revictimization and enhance victim safety.
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