Vitreous Olink proteomics reveals inflammatory biomarkers for diagnosis and prognosis of traumatic proliferative vitreoretinopathy

Area of Science:

• Ophthalmology
• Inflammation Research
• Biomarker Discovery

Background:

• Traumatic proliferative vitreoretinopathy (TPVR) is a severe complication of open globe injury (OGI).
• Identifying reliable biomarkers is crucial for understanding TPVR pathogenesis and prognosis.

Purpose of the Study:

• To identify inflammatory biomarkers in TPVR patients.
• To validate the expression of key biomarkers in a rabbit TPVR model.
• To explore potential therapeutic targets for early TPVR intervention.

Main Methods:

• Compared differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) in TPVR patients versus macular hole patients using the Olink Inflammation Panel.
• Performed correlation, protein-protein interaction (PPI), and functional enrichment analyses.
• Validated candidate interleukin biomarkers (IL-6, IL-7, IL-33) in a rabbit TPVR model using ELISA.

Main Results:

• Identified 48 DEPs; CXCL5, EN-RAGE, IL-7, ADA, CD5, CCL25, CASP8, TWEAK, and IL-33 correlated significantly with clinical signs.
• IL-6, IL-7, IL-8, IL-33, HGF, and CXCL5 showed high interaction.
• Rabbit model confirmed differential expression of IL-6, IL-7, and IL-33 one day post-injury, consistent with human data.

Conclusions:

• IL-7, IL-33, EN-RAGE, TWEAK, CXCL5, and CD5 are potential biomarkers for TPVR.
• Early post-injury intervention targeting interleukin biomarkers may be beneficial for TPVR.