Association between systemic inflammation response index and chronic kidney disease: a population-based study

Area of Science:

• Nephrology
• Immunology
• Public Health

Background:

• Chronic kidney disease (CKD) affects millions globally, with inflammation playing a key role in its progression.
• Biomarkers reflecting systemic inflammation are crucial for early detection and risk stratification in CKD.
• The systemic inflammation response index (SIRI) is a novel marker of inflammation.

Purpose of the Study:

• To investigate the association between the systemic inflammation response index (SIRI) and chronic kidney disease (CKD).
• To compare the predictive performance of SIRI against other inflammatory biomarkers for CKD, albuminuria, and low estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR).

Main Methods:

• Utilized data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) spanning 1999-2020.
• Defined CKD by low eGFR (<60 mL/min/1.73 m²) or albuminuria (ACR >30 mg/g).
• Employed generalized additive models and weighted multivariable logistic regression to analyze associations between SIRI, other inflammatory indices, and kidney disease markers.

Main Results:

• A positive correlation was observed between SIRI and CKD (OR = 1.24).
• Nonlinear association found between SIRI and CKD, with positive correlation on both sides of a breakpoint (SIRI = 2.04).
• Elevated SIRI was associated with higher prevalence of albuminuria (OR = 1.27) and low eGFR (OR = 1.11). SIRI demonstrated superior predictive accuracy for CKD, albuminuria, and low eGFR compared to other inflammatory indices.

Conclusions:

• SIRI is a significant and potentially superior inflammatory biomarker for predicting CKD, albuminuria, and low eGFR.
• Elevated SIRI, SII, NHR, MHR, and PHR warrant attention for potential kidney health risks in American adults.