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Related Concept Videos

Insulin: Dosing Regimen and Adverse Effects01:16

Insulin: Dosing Regimen and Adverse Effects

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Insulin-replacement therapy usually includes both long-acting insulin (basal) and short-acting insulin (to cater to postprandial needs). In a diverse group of type 1 diabetes patients, the average daily insulin dose is typically 0.5-0.7 units/kg body weight. However, obese patients and pubertal adolescents may need more due to insulin resistance.
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Insulin Formulations: Types and Delivery01:27

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Insulin preparations are categorized by their duration of action into short-acting and long-acting types. Two strategies are used to modify insulin's absorption and pharmacokinetic profile: slowing the absorption post-subcutaneous injection, or altering human insulin's amino acid sequence or protein structure. These changes retain the insulin's ability to bind to the insulin receptor, but alter its behavior in solution or after injection.
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Diabetes Mellitus: Overview and Type I Subtype01:22

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Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by high blood glucose levels due to inadequate insulin production, insulin resistance, or both. The condition affects millions worldwide and can significantly impact their health and quality of life.
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Diabetes: Management and Pharmacotherapy01:15

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The therapy for diabetes aims to alleviate hyperglycemia-related symptoms, prevent acute metabolic decompensation, and reduce chronic end-organ complications. Glycemic control is evaluated through short-term (self-monitoring, continuous glucose monitoring) and long-term (A1c, fructosamine) metrics, enabling near real-time tracking of blood glucose levels and reflecting glycemic control over specific time frames.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 1, 2025

Studying the Hypothalamic Insulin Signal to Peripheral Glucose Intolerance with a Continuous Drug Infusion System into the Mouse Brain
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A Three-Arm Randomized Controlled Study Comparing Patient-Reported Outcomes in People With Type 1 Diabetes Using

Katharine Barnard-Kelly1,2, Florian Thienel3, Julia K Mader4

  • 1Southern Health NHS Foundation Trust, Calmore, UK.

Journal of Diabetes Science and Technology
|March 8, 2024
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Switching from multiple daily injections (MDI) to continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion (CSII) therapy significantly improves patient-reported outcomes and glycemic control in type 1 diabetes. Both patch pump systems demonstrated comparable efficacy, with no substantial differences observed between them.

Keywords:
continuous subcutaneous insulin infusiondiabetes technology questionnairepatch pumppatient-reported outcomestype 1 diabetes

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Area of Science:

  • Endocrinology
  • Metabolic Diseases
  • Diabetes Technology

Background:

  • Type 1 diabetes management often involves multiple daily injections (MDI) or continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion (CSII).
  • Insulin patch pumps offer an alternative CSII delivery method.
  • Patient-reported outcomes (PROs) are crucial for evaluating diabetes treatment effectiveness.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare PROs in individuals with type 1 diabetes using two different insulin patch pump systems versus MDI.
  • To assess the impact of switching from MDI to CSII on patient well-being and glycemic control.
  • To evaluate the performance of a new insulin patch pump system against an established one and MDI.

Main Methods:

  • A randomized three-arm study involving 181 participants with type 1 diabetes.
  • Participants were assigned to MDI, Accu-Chek Solo micropump (Solo), or Omnipod for 26 weeks.
  • PROs were measured using the diabetes technology questionnaire (DTQ); HbA1c levels were also monitored.

Main Results:

  • The Solo group showed significantly higher DTQ scores compared to the MDI group after 26 weeks (P = .001).
  • No significant differences in DTQ scores were found between the Solo and Omnipod groups (P = .382).
  • HbA1c levels decreased in both CSII groups (Solo: -0.2%, Omnipod: -0.1%) while increasing slightly in the MDI group (0.2%); differences between Solo and MDI were significant (P = .009).

Conclusions:

  • Switching from MDI to CSII therapy improves psychosocial well-being and physiological outcomes in type 1 diabetes.
  • The Accu-Chek Solo micropump and Omnipod patch pump systems demonstrated comparable effectiveness.
  • CSII therapy, particularly with patch pumps, represents a viable alternative to MDI for managing type 1 diabetes.