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Chirality

Chirality

Chirality is a term that describes the lack of mirror symmetry in an object. In other words, chiral objects cannot be superposed on their mirror images. For example, our feet are chiral, as the mirror image of the left foot, the right foot, cannot be superposed on the left foot.
Chiral objects exhibit a sense of handedness when they interact with another chiral object. For example, our left foot can only fit in the left shoe and not in the right shoe. Achiral objects — objects that have...

Spin–Spin Coupling: Three-Bond Coupling (Vicinal Coupling)

Spin–Spin Coupling: Three-Bond Coupling (Vicinal Coupling)

Vicinal or three-bond coupling is commonly observed between protons attached to adjacent carbons. Here, nuclear spin information is primarily transferred via electron spin interactions between adjacent C‑H bond orbitals. This generally favors the antiparallel arrangement of spins, so 3J values are usually positive.
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Chirality in Nature

Chirality in Nature

Chirality is the most intriguing yet essential facet of nature, governing life’s biochemical processes and precision. It can be observed from a snail shell pattern in a macroscopic world to an amino acid, the minutest building block of life. Most of the snails around the world have right-coiled shells because of the intrinsic chirality in their genes. All the amino acids present in the human body exist in an enantiomerically pure state, except for glycine - the sole achiral amino acid.

Spin–Spin Coupling: One-Bond Coupling

Spin–Spin Coupling: One-Bond Coupling

Coupling interactions are strongest between NMR-active nuclei bonded to each other, where spin information can be transmitted directly through the pair of bonding electrons. While nuclei polarize their electrons to the opposite spins, the bonding electron pair has opposite spins. Configurations with antiparallel nuclear spins are expected to be lower in energy. When coupling makes antiparallel states more favorable, J is considered to have a positive value. The one-bond coupling constant, 1J,...

Ferromagnetism

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Materials like iron, nickel, and cobalt consist of magnetic domains, within which the magnetic dipoles are arranged parallel to each other. The magnetic dipoles are rigidly aligned in the same direction within a domain by quantum mechanical coupling among the atoms. This coupling is so strong that even thermal agitation at room temperature cannot break it. The result is that each domain has a net dipole moment. However, some materials have weaker coupling, and are ferromagnetic at lower...

Molecules with Multiple Chiral Centers

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Molecules that possess multiple chiral centers can afford a large number of stereoisomers. For instance, while some molecules like 2-butanol have one chiral center, defined as a tetrahedral carbon atom with four different substituents attached, several molecules like butane-2,3-diol have multiple chiral centers. A simple formula to predict the number of stereoisomers possible for a molecule with n chiral centers is 2n. However, there can be a lower number where some of the stereoisomers are...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 1, 2025

Fabricating van der Waals Heterostructures with Precise Rotational Alignment

Fabricating van der Waals Heterostructures with Precise Rotational Alignment

Published on: July 5, 2019

Spin-Chirality-Driven Multiferroicity in van der Waals Monolayers.

Chao Liu^1,2,3,4, Wei Ren^1,3, Silvia Picozzi²

¹Institute for Quantum Science and Technology, International Centre of Quantum and Molecular Structures, State Key Laboratory of Advanced Special Steel, Shanghai Key Laboratory of High Temperature Superconductors, Physics Department, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China.

Physical Review Letters

|March 8, 2024

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

We introduce novel vanadium-halide monolayers as spin-chirality-driven multiferroics. These materials enable electrical control of spin textures, paving the way for advanced nanodevices.

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Visualizing Uniaxial-strain Manipulation of Antiferromagnetic Domains in Fe1+YTe Using a Spin-polarized Scanning Tunneling Microscope

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Area of Science:

Condensed Matter Physics
Materials Science
Nanotechnology

Background:

Two-dimensional multiferroic systems are crucial for multifunctional nanodevices.
Strong magnetoelectric coupling is a key property for these systems.

Purpose of the Study:

To propose vanadium-halide monolayers as a new class of van der Waals multiferroics.
To investigate spin-chirality-driven multiferroicity and electrical control of spin textures.

Main Methods:

First-principles calculations were employed.
Analysis of magnetic structure, ferroelectric polarization, and spin-lattice coupling.

Main Results:

Vanadium-halide monolayers exhibit spin-chirality-driven multiferroicity.
A frustrated 120-degree magnetic structure induces ferroelectric polarization.
Electrical control of magnetic chirality and spin textures is demonstrated.
Significant role of spin-lattice coupling and spin-orbit interaction on magnetoelectricity.

Conclusions:

Vanadium-halide monolayers represent a promising new class of multiferroic materials.
These materials offer potential for electrical control of spin textures in nanodevices.
The study highlights multifunctional spin-electric-lattice couplings for future investigations.