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Hospitalizations for coronavirus disease 2019: an analysis of the occurrence waves

Juliana Rodrigues Tovar Garbin1,2, Franciéle Marabotti Costa Leite1, Cristiano Soares Silva Dell'Antonio3

  • 1Graduate Program in Public Health at the Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo (PPGSC/UFES), Vitória, ES, Brazil.

Scientific Reports
|March 8, 2024
PubMed

Insights

The average COVID-19 hospital stay varied across pandemic waves, influenced by patient age, education, location, and comorbidities like cardiovascular disease and obesity.

Area of Science:

  • Epidemiology
  • Public Health

Background:

  • The COVID-19 pandemic evolved through distinct waves, each characterized by specific viral strains and epidemiological patterns.
  • Understanding hospitalization trends is crucial for managing healthcare resources during public health crises.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze the mean length of hospital stay for COVID-19 patients during the first three pandemic waves.
  • To examine the distribution of hospital stay duration based on sociodemographic and clinical factors.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective study utilizing hospitalization data for confirmed COVID-19 cases in a Brazilian state.
  • Analysis of 13,910 hospitalizations across the first three pandemic waves.
  • Statistical examination of length of stay in relation to age, education, residential area, and comorbidities.

Main Results:

  • The first wave recorded the longest duration, while the third wave had the highest patient volume.
  • Average hospital stay was associated with younger age groups (up to 60 years), varying education levels, periurban residency, and specific comorbidities.
  • A statistically significant difference in mean hospitalization days was observed for patients with chronic cardiovascular disease and obesity (P < 0.001).

Conclusions:

  • The COVID-19 pandemic's impact on hospitalizations varied significantly across its waves.
  • Sociodemographic and clinical factors demonstrably influenced the length of hospital stay for COVID-19 patients.

Keywords:
COVID-19HospitalizationSARS-CoV-2

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