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Bacterial Transformation

Bacterial Transformation

In 1928, bacteriologist Frederick Griffith worked on a vaccine for pneumonia, which is caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae bacteria. Griffith studied two pneumonia strains in mice: one pathogenic and one non-pathogenic. Only the pathogenic strain killed host mice.
Griffith made an unexpected discovery when he killed the pathogenic strain and mixed its remains with the live, non-pathogenic strain. Not only did the mixture kill host mice, but it also contained living pathogenic bacteria that...

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Updated: Jul 1, 2025

Using Synthetic Biology to Engineer Living Cells That Interface with Programmable Materials

Using Synthetic Biology to Engineer Living Cells That Interface with Programmable Materials

Published on: March 9, 2017

Engineering functional materials through bacteria-assisted living grafting.

Runtao Zhu¹, Jiao Zhang¹, Lin Wang¹

¹Key Laboratory of Quantitative Synthetic Biology, Shenzhen Institute of Synthetic Biology, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China.

|March 9, 2024

Summary

This study introduces a novel bacteria-assisted grafting method to create functionalized materials. Engineered living cells synthesize and release biomacromolecules for material functionalization, enabling diverse biotechnological applications.

Keywords:

error removal in DNA synthesis genetic circuit grafting living functional materials pathway engineering quorum sensing synthetic biology

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Last Updated: Jul 1, 2025

Using Synthetic Biology to Engineer Living Cells That Interface with Programmable Materials

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Published on: March 9, 2017

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Published on: November 16, 2012

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Area of Science:

Biomaterials Engineering
Synthetic Biology
Chemical Biology

Background:

Biomacromolecule functionalization of materials is crucial for biotechnology and biomedicine.
Existing methods often lack integration, flexibility, and modularity.
A new approach is needed for efficient and versatile material functionalization.

Purpose of the Study:

To develop a novel cell-mediated grafting method for material functionalization.
To create materials engineered by living grafting (MELGs) with enhanced resilience and programmability.
To demonstrate the broad applicability of this method in biotechnology and biomedicine.

Main Methods:

Utilizing polymeric scaffolds to immobilize engineered bacteria and functionalized particles.
Employing bacteria for autonomous synthesis and release of desired proteins for grafting.
Implementing a grafting strategy mediated by living cells for material functionalization.

Main Results:

Successfully generated MELGs with resilient and regenerable functional domains.
Demonstrated MELGs' ability to respond to external stimuli, degrade pollutants, synthesize natural products, and purify DNA.
Established a flexible and modular bacteria-assisted grafting strategy.

Conclusions:

The developed bacteria-assisted grafting strategy offers an integrated, flexible, and modular approach to functionalize materials.
MELGs exhibit resilience and programmability, opening new avenues in biotechnology and biomedicine.
This living grafting method significantly advances the field of biomaterial engineering.