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Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: pathogenesis and models.

Hanxiang Zhong1, Jiayong Dong1, Liye Zhu2

  • 1Department of Liver Surgery and Organ Transplantation, Changzheng Hospital, Navy Medical University Shanghai, China.

American Journal of Translational Research
|March 11, 2024
PubMed
Summary

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) involves liver fat accumulation and inflammation, progressing to serious conditions. Animal models are vital for understanding NAFLD/NASH mechanisms and developing new treatments.

Keywords:
animal modelshistopathologynon-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD)non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH)pathogenesistreatment

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Area of Science:

  • Hepatology
  • Metabolic Diseases
  • Translational Research

Background:

  • Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a prevalent liver condition characterized by excessive fat accumulation.
  • NAFLD progresses from simple steatosis to non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma.
  • Associated with obesity, insulin resistance, and metabolic syndrome, NAFLD poses a significant public health challenge.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To summarize current understanding of NAFLD and NASH pathogenesis.
  • To discuss the role and types of animal models in NAFLD/NASH research.
  • To highlight the need for improved therapeutic strategies.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of NAFLD/NASH pathogenesis.
  • Analysis of common animal models used in NAFLD/NASH studies.
  • Synthesis of current therapeutic approaches.

Main Results:

  • NAFLD/NASH pathogenesis involves lipotoxicity, inflammation, oxidative stress, and insulin resistance.
  • Animal models are crucial for investigating molecular mechanisms and testing treatments.
  • Existing treatments include lifestyle changes and targeting inflammatory/antioxidant pathways.

Conclusions:

  • Understanding NAFLD/NASH pathogenesis is incomplete, necessitating further research.
  • Animal models are indispensable tools for advancing NAFLD/NASH research.
  • Development of effective treatments for NAFLD/NASH is ongoing.