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Related Concept Videos

Prosopagnosia01:24

Prosopagnosia

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Prosopagnosia, also known as face blindness, is the inability to recognize faces. In severe cases, individuals with prosopagnosia may not recognize close family members, including parents and spouses, by their faces. For instance, someone with prosopagnosia might walk past their child in a crowd, only realizing their mistake upon noticing their child's distinctive backpack or favorite jacket. Prosopagnosia specifically impairs facial recognition, while the recognition of other objects or...
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Visual System01:26

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Light enters the eye through the cornea, a transparent, dome-shaped surface covering the surface of the eyeball that helps to direct and focus incoming light. This light is then channeled toward the pupil, an adjustable opening whose size is controlled by the iris. The iris, a pigmented muscle, regulates the amount of light entering the eye by contracting or dilating the pupil, thereby ensuring optimal light levels for clear vision.
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Vision is the result of light being detected and transduced into neural signals by the retina of the eye. This information is then further analyzed and interpreted by the brain. First, light enters the front of the eye and is focused by the cornea and lens onto the retina—a thin sheet of neural tissue lining the back of the eye. Because of refraction through the convex lens of the eye, images are projected onto the retina upside-down and reversed.
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Visual Agnosia01:12

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Visual agnosia is a condition characterized by the inability to recognize visually presented objects despite having normal vision. For instance, a person with visual agnosia can describe the shape and color of an object but cannot identify or name it. This impairment does not affect their visual field, acuity, color vision, brightness discrimination, language, or memory. An example of this condition in a social setting is someone at a dinner party asking for "that silver thing with a round...
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Complement in Traumatic Brain Injury: Linking Acute Injury to Chronic Neurodegeneration.

European journal of immunology·2026
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Targeted complement inhibition ameliorates the pathological and cognitive outcomes in repetitive mild closed head injury.

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 1, 2025

Author Spotlight: Developing Precise and Clinically Relevant Models for Studying Secondary Degeneration in Traumatic Optic Neuropathy
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Complement propagates visual system pathology following traumatic brain injury.

Davis Borucki1, Baerbel Rohrer1, Stephen Tomlinson1

  • 1Medical University of South Carolina.

Research Square
|March 11, 2024
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) causes complement activation and microglial synaptic pruning in the brain's visual center. Inhibiting complement preserves synapses and improves vision after TBI.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Immunology
  • Ophthalmology

Background:

  • Traumatic brain injury (TBI) can lead to delayed and progressive visual system disorders.
  • Neuroinflammation, particularly complement activation, is implicated in TBI pathogenesis.
  • The role of complement in TBI-induced vision loss remains largely unexplored.

Conclusions:

  • TBI triggers complement-mediated microglial phagocytosis of synapses within the dLGN, contributing to visual deficits.
  • Complement inhibition represents a potential therapeutic strategy for mitigating TBI-associated vision loss.
  • Targeting complement activation may preserve visual function by maintaining dLGN synaptic integrity.