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What characterizes adolescent young carers? A multigroup comparative study
Jade Pilato1, Kristopher Lamore1,2, Christel Vioulac1
1Laboratoire de Psychopathologie et Processus de Santé, Université Paris Cité, Boulogne-Billancourt, France.
Child: Care, Health and Development
|March 11, 2024
Summary
Adolescent young carers (AYCs) experience lower quality of life and poorer mental health compared to peers. Female gender, extracurricular jobs, and family illness significantly increase the risk of being an AYC.
Area of Science:
- Adolescent Health
- Caregiving Studies
- Mental Health Research
Background:
- Existing research often overlooks the nuances within non-young carer groups, failing to distinguish between those facing family illness and those who are not.
- This study addresses this gap by providing a more precise comparison for understanding adolescent young carers (AYCs).
Purpose of the Study:
- To characterize adolescent young carers (AYCs) in comparison to peers facing family illness without caregiving roles and those without family illness.
- To identify factors associated with the role of a young carer among adolescents experiencing a relative's illness.
Main Methods:
- A cross-sectional survey of 4000 high school students (grades 10-12) was conducted.
- Participants self-reported sociodemographics, family illness details, caregiving activities (MACA-YC18), quality of life (KIDSCREEN-10), and mental health (GHQ-12).
- Statistical analyses included chi-square tests, ANOVAs, and logistic regressions.
Main Results:
- Adolescent young carers (AYCs) reported significantly lower quality of life and poorer mental health than both comparison groups.
- Key risk factors for being an AYC included being female, having an extracurricular job, speaking a different home language, having siblings (especially being an older sibling), and the relative having a serious/chronic physical illness and living with the youth.
Conclusions:
- The findings underscore the necessity of differentiating AYCs from adolescents facing family illness without caregiving duties for accurate characterization.
- Identified factors can assist professionals in better identifying AYCs and potentially intervening earlier.
- The dynamic nature of caregiving suggests potential transitions between these groups over time.
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