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Ontological pluralism and social values.

Muhammad Ali Khalidi1

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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Philosophers debate using social values in scientific classification. This paper argues that while choosing which taxonomy to use can involve social values, determining a valid taxonomy should not.

Keywords:
OntologyScientific classificationTaxonomyValue-free idealValues in science

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Area of Science:

  • Philosophy of Science
  • Epistemology
  • Scientific Reasoning

Background:

  • Emerging consensus suggests non-epistemic values should influence scientific reasoning.
  • Recent focus on the role of values in scientific classification and taxonomy.
  • Argument that ontological or taxonomic choices should be guided by social values.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To critically examine the "argument from ontological choice" regarding social values in taxonomy.
  • To distinguish between determining the validity of a taxonomic scheme and choosing which to deploy.

Main Methods:

  • Conceptual analysis of the notion of "choice" in ontological and taxonomic decisions.
  • Distinguishing between the validity of a taxonomic scheme and its contextual application.

Main Results:

  • The "argument from ontological choice" equivocates on the meaning of "choice."
  • Deciding which taxonomic scheme to deploy can be influenced by social values.
  • Determining the validity of a taxonomic scheme should not be based on social values.

Conclusions:

  • Social values have a limited role in scientific classification, specifically in deployment, not validity.
  • The validity of a scientific taxonomy should be determined by epistemic criteria, not social values.
  • Clarifying the role of values in scientific reasoning is crucial for robust taxonomy.