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Optimizing refuse-derived fuel production from scheduled wastes through Aspen plus simulation.

Muhammad Afiq Zubir1, Hesam Kamyab2, Yasser Vasseghian3

  • 1Process Systems Engineering Centre (PROSPECT), Faculty of Chemical and Energy Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310, Skudai, Johor, Malaysia.

Environmental Research
|March 11, 2024
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Summary

This study enhances Sfuel (a refuse-derived fuel) quality by optimizing thermal conversion. High temperatures reduce heavy metals but lower calorific value; heat recovery improves efficiency, with electric heating being more economical.

Keywords:
Aspen plus simulationCalorific valueHeavy metal emissionsRefuse-derived fuel

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Area of Science:

  • Chemical Engineering
  • Environmental Science
  • Materials Science

Background:

  • Refuse-derived fuel (RDF) quality is crucial for energy recovery from hazardous waste.
  • Sfuel, a commercial RDF, requires optimization for improved calorific value and reduced contaminants.
  • Thermal conversion processes offer a pathway for RDF upgrading but need careful parameter control.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To enhance the quality of Sfuel, a hazardous waste-derived fuel, through process modification.
  • To analyze the impact of thermal conversion parameters on RDF quality, including calorific value and heavy metal content.
  • To evaluate the economic viability of different heating methods for the thermal conversion process.

Main Methods:

  • Experimental analysis and Aspen Plus simulation were employed to model the thermal conversion process.
  • Key parameters, including temperature (100–700 °C) and pressure (1–5 bar), were systematically varied.
  • Analysis focused on heavy metal content, volatile compounds, and calorific value of the Sfuel before and after modifications.

Main Results:

  • Eleven heavy metals and 179 volatile compounds were identified in the Sfuel.
  • High temperatures and pressures effectively reduced heavy metal content through evaporation.
  • Calorific value decreased significantly at 700 °C due to carbon loss, while heat recovery from the outlet stream improved energy efficiency.

Conclusions:

  • Optimizing thermal conversion parameters is key to improving Sfuel quality, balancing contaminant removal with calorific value retention.
  • High temperature and low pressure are not optimal for Sfuel enhancement via thermal conversion.
  • Electric heating presents a more economically efficient alternative to natural gas heating for this process.