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Cytomolecular diversity among Vigna Savi (Leguminosae) subgenera
Sibelle Dias1, Rosilda Cintra Souza1,2, Emanuelle Varão Vasconcelos1
1Departamento de Genética, Centro de Biociências, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, PE, Brazil.
Protoplasma
|March 12, 2024
Summary
This study reveals conserved ancestral 35S rDNA on chromosome 6 in the Vigna genus, despite diverse rDNA site evolution. Genome size is conserved, correlating with 35S rDNA copy number.
Area of Science:
- Plant genetics
- Cytogenetics
- Evolutionary biology
Background:
- The genus Vigna, part of the Leguminosae family, contains approximately 150 species across five subgenera.
- Understanding karyotype diversity and evolution within Vigna is crucial for legume genetics.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate karyotype diversity and evolution in the genus Vigna.
- To analyze the distribution and evolution of ribosomal DNA (rDNA) sites and genome size.
Main Methods:
- Utilized cytogenetic techniques and DNA content analysis.
- Employed bacterial artificial chromosome fluorescence in situ hybridization (BAC-FISH) on chromosomes.
Main Results:
- Observed random distribution of 35S rDNA patterns, with copy numbers varying from one to seven pairs across subgenera.
- Found conserved 5S rDNA copy numbers (one or two pairs), with an exception in Vigna radiata.
- Noted conserved genome size (0.43–0.70 pg) within the genus, with a positive correlation between DNA content and 35S rDNA site number.
- Identified a conserved ancestral 35S rDNA locus on chromosome 6, suggesting its role in diversification.
Conclusions:
- The ancestral 35S rDNA locus on chromosome 6 appears conserved within Vigna, despite significant diversification in rDNA site number and position.
- The conserved locus may have served as a source for the spread of additional rDNA sites during Vigna evolution.
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