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Neurovascular Coupling in Acutely Concussed Adolescent Patients.

Patricia R Roby1, Anne E Mozel1, Matthew F Grady2,3

  • 1Center for Injury Research and Prevention, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.

Journal of Neurotrauma
|March 12, 2024
PubMed
Summary

Adolescent concussion impairs neurovascular coupling (NVC), showing a greater response to difficult tasks. This suggests increased neural resource allocation is needed post-injury in young patients.

Keywords:
cerebral blood flowcerebrovascular functionmild traumatic brain injury neurophysiology

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Physiology
  • Sports Medicine

Background:

  • Neurovascular coupling (NVC) describes the relationship between neural activity and cerebrovascular response.
  • NVC impairments are known in adult concussion, but effects in adolescents are unclear.
  • Adolescence is a critical period for brain development, making NVC changes particularly relevant.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate neurovascular coupling (NVC) in adolescents acutely following concussion.
  • To compare NVC responses in concussed adolescents versus controls during cognitive tasks.

Main Methods:

  • Used transcranial Doppler ultrasound to measure posterior cerebral artery (PCA) velocity.
  • Assessed NVC response to reading and visual search tasks in 21 concussed and 20 control adolescents.
  • Analyzed resting PCA velocity and task-related NVC response profiles using statistical models.

Main Results:

  • No significant differences in resting PCA velocity between concussion and control groups.
  • No significant group differences in NVC response during individual reading or visual search tasks.
  • Concussion patients showed a significantly greater differential NVC response between tasks compared to controls.

Conclusions:

  • Concussed adolescents exhibit altered NVC, with a heightened response to increased task difficulty.
  • This suggests that concussed adolescents may require greater neural resource allocation as cognitive demands rise.
  • Findings offer insight into the neurophysiological impact of concussion during adolescent brain development.