Twist-Angle Tuning of Electronic Structure in Two-Dimensional Dirac Nodal Line Semimetal Au₂Ge on Au(111)

Topological semimetals have emerged as quantum materials including Dirac, Weyl, and nodal line semimetals, and so on. Dirac nodal line (DNL) semimetals possess topologically nontrivial bands crossing along a line or a loop and are considered precursor states for other types of semimetals. Here, we combine scanning tunneling microscopy/spectroscopy (STM/S) measurements and density functional theory (DFT) calculations to investigate a twist angle tuning of electronic structure in two-dimensional DNL semimetal Au₂Ge. Theoretical calculations show that two bands of Au₂Ge touch each other in Γ-M and Γ-K paths, forming a DNL. A significant transition of electronic structure occurs by tuning the twist angle from 30° to 24° between monolayer Au₂Ge and Au(111), as confirmed by STS measurements and DFT calculations. The disappearing of DNL state is a direct consequence of symmetry breaking.