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Identifying structural risk factors for overdose following incarceration: a concept mapping study.

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People with lived experience identified key factors influencing overdose risk after incarceration. Addressing community, carceral, and structural issues is crucial for prevention and treatment resource planning.

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Area of Science:

  • Public Health
  • Criminology
  • Sociology

Background:

  • High prevalence of substance use disorder among incarcerated individuals.
  • Overdose is a leading cause of death post-release and during incarceration.
  • Limitations of traditional methods in capturing community-specific factors.

Purpose of the Study:

  • Identify perceived factors impacting overdose risk post-incarceration.
  • Center the perspectives of individuals with lived experience in the criminal legal system and substance use disorder.

Main Methods:

  • Community-engaged research approach using concept mapping.
  • Focus groups with individuals with personal experience in the carceral system.
  • Analysis using the Concept Systems Inc. groupwisdom platform.

Main Results:

  • Identified 83 unique factors impacting overdose.
  • Five key clusters emerged: Community-Based Prevention, Drug Use and Incarceration, Resources for Treatment for Substance Use, Carceral Factors, and Stigma and Structural Barriers.

Conclusions:

  • Community-identified factors offer critical insights into overdose risk.
  • These factors must inform resource planning and decision-making for affected populations.