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Cardiac Surgery Patients Have Reduced Vascularity and Structural Defects of the Retina Similar to Persons with
Gabija Vičaitė1, Liveta Barišauskaitė1, Viktorija Bakstytė1
1Medical Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Eiveniu 2, LT-50161 Kaunas, Lithuania.
Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland)
|March 13, 2024
Summary
Cardiac surgery patients exhibit reduced ocular vascular and structural parameters, similar to those with open-angle glaucoma. This highlights potential impacts of impaired cardiovascular supply on retinal health.
Area of Science:
- Ophthalmology
- Cardiovascular Science
- Medical Imaging
Background:
- Impaired ocular blood flow is linked to open-angle glaucoma (OAG).
- The impact of compromised cardiovascular supply on retinal structure and vasculature remains under-investigated.
- This study compares ocular parameters in OAG patients and cardiac surgery (CS) patients with cardiopulmonary bypass.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate variations in retinal structural and vascular parameters.
- To compare these parameters between open-angle glaucoma (OAG) patients and cardiac surgery (CS) patients.
- To assess the effect of impaired cardiovascular supply on ocular health.
Main Methods:
- Prospective observational study involving 82 subjects: 30 controls, 33 OAG patients, 19 CS patients.
- Ophthalmological assessment using swept-source OCT and color Doppler imaging (CDI) in one eye.
- Analysis of vascular parameters (PSV, EDV, RI) and retinal layer thickness (GCL++, GCL+).
Main Results:
- CS patients showed significantly lower ophthalmic artery (OA) and short posterior ciliary artery (SPCA) peak systolic velocity (PSV) and end-diastolic velocity (EDV), and higher resistive index (RI) compared to controls and OAG patients.
- SPCA EDV correlated with linear cup-to-disc ratio (CDR).
- CS patients had thinner ganglion cell complex (GCL++) and GCL+ layers in inner sectors compared to controls, with correlations to central retinal artery (CRA) and SPCA parameters.
Conclusions:
- Cardiac surgery patients exhibit reduced vascular and structural parameters in the optic nerve head (ONH) and macula.
- These ocular parameter reductions in CS patients are comparable to those observed in open-angle glaucoma (OAG) patients.
- Findings suggest significant ocular changes associated with impaired cardiovascular supply.
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