Preparation of Antimony-Doped Tin Oxide Fly Ash Antistatic Composite and Its Properties in Filling EVA

As a common coal-based solid waste, fly ash is widely used in material filling. However, due to the high resistivity of fly ash itself, the antistatic performance of the filling material is poor. Therefore, antistatic composite powder was prepared by coating nano-sized antimony-doped tin oxide (ATO) on the surface of fly ash, and its preparation mechanism was discussed. The composite powders were characterized by SEM, EDS, XRD and FTIR. The results show that the interaction between SiO₂ and SnO₂ appears at the wave number of 727.12 cm^-1, and the obvious SnO₂ crystal phase appears on the surface of fly ash. The volume resistivity of calcined fly ash is 1.72 × 10¹² Ω·cm, and the volume resistivity of ATO fly ash is reduced to 6 × 10³ Ω·cm. By analyzing the limiting oxygen index, melt index, tensile strength, elongation at break, cross-section morphology and surface electrical resistivity of EVA, it was found that the addition of antistatic powder to EVA can improve its antistatic performance without deteriorating the mechanical properties of EVA.