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Role of CARD9 in Cell- and Organ-Specific Immune Responses in Various Infections

Ji Seok Lee1,2, Chaekyun Kim1,2

  • 1Laboratory of Leukocyte Signaling Research, Department of Pharmacology, Inha University School of Medicine, Incheon 22212, Republic of Korea.

International Journal of Molecular Sciences
|March 13, 2024
PubMed

Insights

Caspase recruitment domain-containing protein 9 (CARD9) is vital for immune defense against pathogens. This review details how CARD9 signaling varies with different infections in humans and mice.

Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • Caspase recruitment domain-containing protein 9 (CARD9) is an intracellular adaptor protein crucial for host immunity.
  • It is highly expressed in myeloid cells like neutrophils, macrophages, and dendritic cells.
  • CARD9 deficiency leads to impaired inflammatory responses and increased susceptibility to infections.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review and elucidate the varied CARD9 signaling pathways in response to diverse infectious stimuli.
  • To highlight differences in CARD9-mediated signaling across various pathogens.
  • To compare CARD9 signaling in human and experimental mouse models.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of existing studies on CARD9 function in immunity.
  • Analysis of CARD9 signaling pathways in response to fungal, bacterial, and viral infections.
  • Comparative analysis of CARD9-mediated responses in humans and mice.

Main Results:

  • CARD9 plays a critical role in host defense against fungi, bacteria, and viruses.
  • CARD9 deficiency impairs cytokine/chemokine production and myeloid cell migration.
  • CARD9 signaling pathways exhibit pathogen-specific variations and inconsistencies across studies.

Conclusions:

  • CARD9 is a key regulator of innate immunity with diverse signaling outputs.
  • Understanding CARD9's varied roles is essential for combating infectious diseases.
  • Further research is needed to fully elucidate pathogen-specific CARD9 functions.

Keywords:
caspase recruitment domain-containing protein 9 (CARD9)chemokinescytokinesinfiltrationmicrobial infectionsneutrophils

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