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The Role of Transglutaminase 2 in Cancer: An Update
Elisabetta Zaltron1, Federica Vianello1, Alessia Ruzza1
1Department of Biology, University of Padua, 35131 Padua, Italy.
International Journal of Molecular Sciences
|March 13, 2024
Summary
Transglutaminase type 2 (TG2) is a versatile enzyme involved in cell survival and death. Its role in cancer is complex, acting as both an oncogene and tumor suppressor depending on the tissue context.
Area of Science:
- Biochemistry
- Cell Biology
- Oncology
Background:
- Transglutaminase type 2 (TG2) is a widely expressed enzyme regulating cellular pathways.
- TG2's diverse cellular locations and functions impact cell survival, death, and homeostasis.
- TG2 influences the tumor microenvironment, affecting tumor initiation, growth, and metastasis.
Purpose of the Study:
- To explore the multifaceted roles of TG2 in cellular processes.
- To investigate TG2's contribution to disease development and progression.
- To clarify the controversial role of TG2 in cancer.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of TG2 functions and localizations.
- Analysis of TG2's involvement in intracellular signaling.
- Examination of TG2's impact on the tumor microenvironment.
Main Results:
- TG2 exhibits diverse functions beyond protein cross-linking, including kinase and translocator activities.
- TG2's role in cancer is context-dependent, with evidence supporting both anti- and pro-tumorigenic effects.
- TG2's function is tissue- and cell-specific, leading to varied outcomes in disease.
Conclusions:
- TG2 is a critical regulator of cellular homeostasis and disease progression.
- The dual role of TG2 in cancer necessitates further investigation into its tissue-specific functions.
- Understanding TG2's complex biology is key to developing targeted therapies.
Keywords:
breast cancercolorectal cancerleukemialung cancermelanomamicroenvironmentovarian cancerpancreatic cancertransglutaminase 2More Related Videos
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