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Development of Fluorescence-Based Assays for Key Viral Proteins in the SARS-CoV-2 Infection Process and Lifecycle

Mingzhenlong Deng1, Chuang Zhang1, Wanli Yan1

  • 1State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Engineering Research Center for the Development and Application of Ethnic Medicine and TCM (Ministry of Education), Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550004, China.

International Journal of Molecular Sciences
|March 13, 2024
PubMed

Insights

This review highlights fluorescence-based assays for screening SARS-CoV-2 viral proteins like Spike, 3CLpro, and RdRp. These methods are crucial for discovering new COVID-19 antiviral drugs.

Area of Science:

  • Virology
  • Drug Discovery
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • The COVID-19 pandemic, caused by SARS-CoV-2, presents a global health and economic challenge.
  • Five key viral proteins—Spike, 3CLpro, PLpro, RdRp, and Helicase—are critical for SARS-CoV-2 invasion and replication.
  • Targeting these proteins offers a promising strategy for developing novel antiviral therapeutics.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review and elucidate the principles of fluorescence-based screening assays for five pivotal SARS-CoV-2 viral proteins.
  • To guide researchers in selecting and refining screening strategies for anti-SARS-CoV-2 drug discovery.
  • To facilitate the identification and development of lead compounds against SARS-CoV-2.

Main Methods:

  • Focuses on fluorescence-based assay methodologies.
  • Discusses screening approaches tailored for viral Spike, 3CLpro, PLpro, RdRp, and Helicase.
  • Emphasizes high-throughput screening techniques for efficiency.

Main Results:

  • Identifies fluorescence-based assays as predominant screening techniques.
  • Provides foundational principles and methodologies for these assays.
  • Highlights the importance of efficient screening for drug development.

Conclusions:

  • Fluorescence-based assays are vital for high-throughput screening of SARS-CoV-2 targets.
  • Effective screening methodologies accelerate the discovery of potential anti-COVID-19 drugs.
  • This review serves as a guide for optimizing antiviral drug development strategies.
Keywords:
COVID-19SARS-CoV-2antiviral agentsassay developmentinfection

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