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A Network of Processes for Biorefining Burdock Seeds and Roots.

Luigi di Bitonto¹, Enrico Scelsi¹, Massimiliano Errico²

¹Water Research Institute (IRSA), National Research Council (CNR), Viale De Blasio 5, 70132 Bari, Italy.

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|March 13, 2024

Summary

This study presents a sustainable method to fully utilize burdock (Arctium lappa) seeds and roots. The process converts biomass into valuable chemicals like glucose, ethyl levulinate, and catalysts for 5-hydroxymethylfurfural production.

Keywords:

5-hydroxymethylfurfural Arctium lappa biomass valorization burdock roots burdock seeds circular economy enzymatic hydrolysis ethyl levulinate

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Area of Science:

Biomass Valorisation
Green Chemistry
Circular Economy

Background:

Traditional uses of Arctium lappa are limited.
Need for sustainable valorisation of plant biomass.
Potential for extracting valuable compounds from burdock.

Purpose of the Study:

To develop a novel, sustainable approach for the integral valorisation of Arctium lappa seeds and roots.
To explore multiple pathways for utilising extraction residues.
To align resource utilisation with circular economy principles.

Main Methods:

Extraction of bioactive compounds (fatty acids, sugars, phenolics) using compressed fluids (supercritical CO2, propane).
Characterisation of biomass and residues (lipids, proteins, carbohydrates, lignin, ash).
Three residue utilisation methods: enzymatic hydrolysis, ethanolysis, and pyrolysis for catalyst synthesis.

Main Results:

Successful extraction of unsaturated fatty acids, fructose, sucrose, and phenolic compounds.
Comprehensive chemical characterisation of burdock biomass and residues.
Demonstrated feasibility of enzymatic hydrolysis to glucose, ethanolysis to ethyl levulinate, and pyrolysis to create catalysts for 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (5-HMF) synthesis.

Conclusions:

The proposed approach enables the complete valorisation of Arctium lappa.
Production of fine chemicals and value-added compounds from burdock aligns with circular economy principles.
This study showcases a sustainable model for plant-based resource utilisation.