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Related Concept Videos

Drugs for Treatment of Constipation-Predominant IBS01:21

Drugs for Treatment of Constipation-Predominant IBS

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Pharmacological therapies for IBS-C are designed to alleviate abdominal discomfort and enhance bowel function. In patients with IBS-C, fiber supplements may help soften stools and decrease straining, but may also lead to increased gas production and bloating. Osmotic laxatives like milk of magnesia are frequently used to soften stools and increase stool frequency in IBS-C patients. In addition, two drugs approved for use in severe IBS-C adult cases are linaclotide (Linzess) and lubiprostone...
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Drugs for Treatment of Ulcerative Colitis in IBD01:29

Drugs for Treatment of Ulcerative Colitis in IBD

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Ulcerative colitis is a chronic inflammatory condition primarily affecting the colon and rectum. The primary drugs used in the treatment of ulcerative colitis are aminosalicylates. They exhibit anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive properties. They modulate inflammatory mediators and inhibit the activity of nuclear factor κB (NF-κB). Aminosalicylates also reduce inflammation by inhibiting prostaglandin and leukotriene production and decreasing neutrophil chemotaxis and superoxide...
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Drugs for Treatment of Diarrhea-Predominant IBS01:17

Drugs for Treatment of Diarrhea-Predominant IBS

167
Diarrhea-predominant irritable bowel syndrome (IBS-D) is a subtype of IBS characterized primarily by frequent, loose, or watery stools, abdominal pain, and abdominal discomfort. Therapeutic approaches to managing IBS-D include dietary changes, stress management techniques, and pharmaceutical interventions.
Two specific drugs used in the treatment are alosetron (Lotronex) and eluxadoline (Viberzi). Alosetron, a 5-HT3 antagonist, works by slowing the movement of stools in the gut, reducing bowel...
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Drugs Affecting GI Tract Motility: Serotonin Receptor Agonists01:23

Drugs Affecting GI Tract Motility: Serotonin Receptor Agonists

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Serotonin, a crucial neurotransmitter synthesized by enterochromaffin cells, plays a cardinal role in regulating gastrointestinal (GI) motility. With over 90% of the body's total serotonin in the GI tract, its influence on digestive processes is profound. Serotonin is swiftly released upon various stimuli, such as food boluses or certain drugs, triggering intrinsic sensory neurons in the myenteric plexus and extrinsic vagal and spinal sensory neurons. This leads to the activation of the...
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Irritable Bowel Syndrome I: Introduction01:17

Irritable Bowel Syndrome I: Introduction

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Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) is characterized by functional disturbances in the gastrointestinal system, presenting a cluster of symptoms without evident structural or biochemical abnormalities. It primarily affects the large intestine and may cause abdominal pain, bloating, excessive gas, diarrhea, constipation, or both.
IBS is a chronic condition that can persist over a long period or recur frequently.
The pathogenesis of IBS involves a complex interplay of the following factors:
Altered...
273
Inflammatory Bowel Disease III: Diagnostic Studies and Management I-Nutritional Therapy01:30

Inflammatory Bowel Disease III: Diagnostic Studies and Management I-Nutritional Therapy

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Various diagnostic tests are employed in the diagnostic process for Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD), particularly to differentiate between Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis.
Diagnostic studies
A colonoscopy is the definitive screening test, distinguishing ulcerative colitis from other colon diseases with similar symptoms. During a colonoscopy test, inflamed mucosa with exudate ulcerations can be observed, and biopsies are taken to determine the histologic characteristics of the...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 1, 2025

Analyzing Beneficial Effects of Nutritional Supplements on Intestinal Epithelial Barrier Functions During Experimental Colitis
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Antidepressant fluoxetine alleviates colitis by reshaping intestinal microenvironment.

Shuo Teng1,2, Yi Yang1, Wanru Zhang1

  • 1Department of Gastroenterology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Disease, Beijing Digestive Disease Center, Beijing Key Laboratory for Precancerous Lesion of Digestive Disease, Beijing, 100050, People's Republic of China.

Cell Communication and Signaling : CCS
|March 13, 2024
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Fluoxetine effectively reduces colon inflammation in Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) by remodeling intestinal cells and macrophages. This antidepressant shows promise for treating IBD and associated psychiatric conditions.

Keywords:
IBDIntestinal microenvironmentSingle cell sequencing

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Area of Science:

  • Gastroenterology
  • Immunology
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Antidepressants' impact on Inflammatory Bowel Diseases (IBD) is studied, but molecular mechanisms for alleviating colitis are unclear.
  • Existing research highlights the need to understand how specific antidepressants influence IBD pathogenesis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To systematically assess the effects of fluoxetine, fluvoxamine, and venlafaxine on IBD.
  • To elucidate the molecular mechanisms by which fluoxetine alleviates colitis in a mouse model.

Main Methods:

  • Assessed fluoxetine efficacy in a C56BL/6 mouse IBD model using clinical and histological markers.
  • Employed single-cell RNA sequencing to analyze changes in intestinal mucosa cell distribution, communication, and pathways.
  • Validated findings in vitro using RT-qPCR, western blot, and immunofluorescence staining.

Main Results:

  • Fluoxetine significantly alleviated colon inflammation, improving disease activity and colon length.
  • Single-cell RNA sequencing revealed fluoxetine's impact on cell clusters, cell-cell communication, and KEGG pathways.
  • Fluoxetine treatment promoted enterocytes, Goblet cells, and stem cells, and suggested M1 macrophage to M2 macrophage differentiation.

Conclusions:

  • Fluoxetine demonstrates anti-inflammatory effects on intestinal mucosa by remodeling intestinal cells and macrophages.
  • Fluoxetine is a potential therapeutic agent for Inflammatory Bowel Diseases and comorbid psychiatric conditions.