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Risk Factors of Chylothorax After Congenital Heart Surgery in Infants: A Single-Centre Retrospective Study

Rui-Gui Zhang1,2,3, Yu-Mei Liu2,3,4, Zhi-Ye Yao2,3

  • 1The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510260, People's Republic of China.

Therapeutics and Clinical Risk Management
|March 13, 2024
PubMed

Insights

Infants undergoing congenital heart surgery face risks of chylothorax. Preterm birth, prolonged ventilation, and low albumin are key risk factors for this condition in infants.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Cardiology
  • Neonatal Surgery
  • Thoracic Surgery

Background:

  • Chylothorax is a rare complication following congenital heart disease surgery in infants.
  • Understanding risk factors for infant chylothorax is crucial due to its higher incidence in this age group.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify and analyze the risk factors associated with chylothorax after congenital heart surgery in infants.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective study of 176 infants undergoing congenital heart surgery (2016-2020).
  • Patients divided into control and case groups based on chylothorax occurrence.
  • Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis applied to determine incidence and influencing factors.

Main Results:

  • The overall incidence of chylothorax was 2.02%, with annual rates ranging from 1.55% to 3.17%.
  • Multivariate analysis identified postoperative albumin levels (OR=0.095), preoperative mechanical ventilation (OR=1.053), and preterm birth (OR=5.783) as significant risk factors.

Conclusions:

  • Preterm birth, extended preoperative mechanical ventilation, and low postoperative albumin are identified as risk factors for chylothorax in infants with congenital heart disease.
  • Infants with chylothorax experienced increased infection rates, greater need for respiratory support, prolonged chest drainage, and extended hospital stays.
Abstract

Keywords:
congenital heart diseasecongenital heart surgeryinfantpostoperative chylothoraxrisk factor

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