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Entrustable professional activities (EPAs) are a key part of competency-based education (CBE) in general surgery residency. This review discusses their rationale, evidence, and practical implementation for improved resident assessment.

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Area of Science:

  • Medical Education
  • Surgical Training
  • Competency-Based Education

Background:

  • Entrustable professional activities (EPAs) are workplace-based assessments focusing on observed behaviors.
  • EPAs are increasingly adopted in medical specialties for evaluating trainee competence.
  • This review focuses on EPAs within general surgery residency programs.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the rationale for using EPAs in general surgery.
  • To describe the evidence supporting EPA implementation.
  • To outline practical considerations for EPAs in general surgery residency.

Main Methods:

  • Narrative review of literature on EPAs in general surgery.
  • Analysis of validity evidence and implementation recommendations.
  • Identification of challenges and best practices for EPA integration.

Main Results:

  • Growing evidence supports the validity and practical utility of EPAs in general surgery.
  • Challenges include faculty and resident engagement in microassessments and feedback.
  • Successful integration offers a more accurate assessment of resident competence.

Conclusions:

  • EPAs represent a significant advancement in evaluating general surgery residents within competency-based education.
  • Addressing implementation challenges is crucial for successful and sustainable EPA adoption.
  • Further research on barriers and facilitators will optimize this assessment framework.