Net-zero, resilience, and agile closed-loop supply chain network design considering robustness and renewable energy

Area of Science:

• Supply Chain Management
• Environmental Sustainability
• Operations Research

Background:

• Integrating net-zero, resilience, and agility is crucial for modern circular economy supply chains.
• Traditional supply chains face challenges with demand disruption and environmental impact.
• The home appliance industry requires innovative solutions for sustainable operations.

Purpose of the Study:

• To develop and analyze a Net-zero, Resilience, and Agile Closed-Loop Supply Chain Network (NZRACLSCND) model.
• To quantify the impact of net-zero strategies on CO2 emissions within a circular supply chain.
• To investigate the influence of various coefficients on supply chain performance and environmental impact.

Main Methods:

• Proposed a Robust Stochastic Optimization (RSO) model incorporating weighted expected value and maximum CO2 emissions.
• Embedded renewable energy sources (solar) and hybrid trucks for net-zero energy supply.
• Applied redundancy, multi-source, and flexible capacity strategies for enhanced resilience.

Main Results:

• The NZRA concept reduced CO2 emissions by 233.33% compared to traditional approaches.
• Increased conservative and agile coefficients led to higher CO2 emission risks and actual emissions, respectively.
• Higher decreased CO2 coefficients and model scales resulted in increased CO2 emissions and costs.

Conclusions:

• The NZRACLSCND model effectively integrates net-zero, resilience, and agility principles.
• Implementing net-zero strategies significantly mitigates CO2 emissions in closed-loop supply chains.
• Supply chain design requires careful balancing of resilience, agility, and environmental goals to manage costs and emissions.