Drug Delivery Angle for Various Atherosclerosis and Aneurysm Percentages of the Carotid Artery

Area of Science:

• Biomedical Engineering
• Cardiovascular Research
• Nanotechnology

Background:

• Stroke is a leading cause of death and disability globally.
• Carotid artery stenosis and aneurysm are major stroke contributors.
• Targeted drug delivery via nanoparticles offers a novel therapeutic approach.

Purpose of the Study:

• To investigate optimal parameters for nanoparticle drug delivery to carotid artery lesions.
• To evaluate the impact of patient positioning on drug delivery efficiency.
• To assess the efficacy of simplified geometric models for simulations.

Main Methods:

• Analysis of fluid dynamics in simulated carotid artery lesions (atherosclerosis, aneurysm).
• Optimization of magnetic nanoparticle (Fe3O4@MOF) size and injection dose.
• Investigation of hospital bed angle effects on drug delivery.
• Comparison of simulation results using real vs. simplified carotid artery geometries.

Main Results:

• Optimal drug delivery achieved with 100 nm nanoparticles and 300 particles per injection cycle.
• A unique optimal drug delivery angle exists for each lesion severity, significantly increasing efficacy (e.g., 387% increase for 50% aneurysm at 30° vs. 15°).
• Simplified geometries provide effective simulations, reducing computational cost and time.

Conclusions:

• Nanoparticle-based drug delivery is a promising strategy for treating carotid artery disease.
• Patient positioning and nanoparticle characteristics are critical for maximizing therapeutic hiệu quả.
• Simplified models are suitable for efficient simulation of carotid artery interventions.