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Diffusion on Chromatography Columns

Diffusion on Chromatography Columns

In column chromatography, when an analyte is introduced as a narrow band at the top of the column, the solutes begin to separate and broaden, developing a Gaussian profile. This broadening occurs due to various factors, such as longitudinal diffusion.
Longitudinal diffusion occurs when the solute molecules in the mobile phase diffuse from the more concentrated center of the chromatographic band to the more dilute regions on either side, both towards and against the flow direction. This...

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Tracking the Mammary Architectural Features and Detecting Breast Cancer with Magnetic Resonance Diffusion Tensor Imaging

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Apparent diffusion coefficient values predict response to brachytherapy in bulky cervical cancer.

Elizabeth E Dong¹, Junqian Xu^2,3, Joo-Won Kim^2,3

¹Department of Radiation Oncology, Dan L. Duncan Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA.

Radiation Oncology (London, England)

|March 14, 2024

Summary

Diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) can predict treatment success in bulky cervical cancer. Higher apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values after radiation therapy indicate a greater chance of complete metabolic response to brachytherapy.

Keywords:

Apparent diffusion coefficient Cervical cancer Diffusion weighted imaging Interstitial brachytherapy

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Area of Science:

Oncology
Radiology
Medical Imaging

Background:

Diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (DWI) measures tumor cellularity.
Apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values can potentially predict treatment outcomes.
Bulky cervical cancer treatment involves external beam radiation therapy (EBRT) and brachytherapy (BT).

Purpose of the Study:

To evaluate if post-EBRT and pre-BT ADC values predict complete metabolic response (CMR) in bulky cervical cancer.
To assess the role of ADC values in risk-stratifying patients for treatment.
To correlate imaging findings with clinical outcomes.

Main Methods:

Collected DWI and clinical data from patients with bulky cervical cancer undergoing interstitial BT.
Calculated 90th percentile ADC values from DWI scans (b=500 s/mm²).
Used logistic regression to analyze the association between ADC values, clinical factors, and CMR (defined by PET-CT).

Main Results:

62% of patients (28/45) achieved CMR.
Higher 90th percentile ADC values were significantly associated with CMR (p=0.029 univariate, p<0.0001 multivariate).
Patients with ADC > 2.10 × 10⁻³ mm²/s were 5.33 times more likely to achieve CMR.

Conclusions:

Post-EBRT, pre-BT ADC values are a significant predictor of CMR in bulky cervical cancer.
DWI can be used for risk stratification in patients undergoing BT.
ADC values offer valuable prognostic information for cervical cancer treatment.