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Post-event follow-up costs in patients with atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease in Spain
Icíar Martínez López1, Jorge Francisco Gómez Cerezo2, José M Gámez3,4,5
1Pharmacy Service and Molecular Diagnostics and Clinical Genetics Unit, Hospital Universitario Son Espases, Balearic Islands, Palma de Mallorca, Spain.
Insights
Atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) patients incur significant healthcare costs, averaging €11,171 in the first year post-event. Focusing on prevention can reduce mortality and economic burden on health systems.
Area of Science:
- Cardiovascular Medicine
- Health Economics
- Public Health
Background:
- Atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality globally.
- Patients with prior cardiovascular events face higher risks and resource utilization.
- Understanding the economic impact of ASCVD is crucial for healthcare system planning.
Purpose of the Study:
- To determine the average annual cost of managing patients with new or recurrent ASCVD events.
- To analyze resource utilization in the two years following an ASCVD diagnosis.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective observational study using the BIG-PAC® database (1.8 million patients).
- Inclusion of patients with new or recurrent ASCVD episodes between January 2017 and December 2018.
- Estimation of resource use and associated costs over a two-year follow-up period.
Main Results:
- 26,976 patients with ASCVD episodes were identified; 6,798 experienced recurrent events.
- Average patient costs were €11,171 in the first year and €9,944 in the second year post-event.
- Pharmacological treatments accounted for only one-tenth of the total follow-up costs.
Conclusions:
- ASCVD patients represent a substantial economic burden on healthcare systems and society.
- Preventive programs and improved cardiovascular risk factor control can significantly reduce mortality and healthcare costs.
- The study highlights the need for effective strategies to mitigate the economic impact of ASCVD.
Introduction:
Atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) is one of the main causes of morbidity and mortality in developed countries and entails high resources use and costs for health systems. The risk of suffering future cardiovascular (CV) events and the consequent resources use is higher in those patients who have already had a previous cardiovascular event. The objective of the study was to determine the average annual cost of patients with a new or recurrent atherosclerotic CV event during the 2 years after the event.
Methodology:
Retrospective observational study of electronic medical records of patients from the BIG-PAC® database (7 integrated health areas of 7 Autonomous Communities; n = 1.8 million). Patients with a new or recurrent episode of ASCVD (angina, acute myocardial infarction, transient ischemic attack, stroke, or peripheral arterial disease) between 1-Jan-2017 and 31-Dec-2018 were included. The resources use within two years of the diagnosis was estimated in order to estimate the average cost of patient follow-up.
Results:
A total of 26,976 patients with an ASCVD episode were identified during the recruitment period; Out of them, 6,798 had a recurrent event during the follow-up period and 2,414 died. The average costs per patient were €11,171 during the first year and €9,944 during the second year.
Discussion:
Patients with ASCVD represent a significant economic burden for the health system and for society. Despite the perception that drug costs in the follow-up of chronic patients imply a high percentage of the costs, these accounted for only one tenth of the total amount. Implementing preventive programs and increasing the control of cardiovascular risk factors may have a significant social and health impact by helping to reduce mortality and costs for the Spanish National Health System. The costs derived from pharmacological treatments were obtained from the NHS pricing nomenclator database (https://www.sanidad.gob.es/profesionales/nomenclator.do).
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