Reactive Arthritis After mpox Vaccination

Area of Science:

• Immunology
• Rheumatology
• Infectious Disease

Background:

• Autoimmune inflammatory reactions post-vaccination are uncommon.
• Reactive arthritis is a known post-vaccination complication, but not previously documented after mpox vaccination.

Observation:

• A patient developed severe symptoms including unrelenting fever and diarrhea.
• The patient subsequently presented with migratory arthritis and anterior uveitis.

Findings:

• This case presents the first documented instance of reactive arthritis following mpox vaccination.
• The clinical presentation included fever, diarrhea, migratory polyarthritis, and anterior uveitis.

Implications:

• This case highlights a potential rare adverse event following mpox vaccination.
• Further surveillance and research are warranted to understand the association between mpox vaccination and reactive arthritis.