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Updated: Jul 1, 2025

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Binocular function in the aging visual system: fusion, suppression, and stereoacuity.

Yutong Song1, Xi Wang1, Meng Liao1

  • 1Department of Ophthalmology and Laboratory of Optometry and Vision Sciences, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.

Frontiers in Neuroscience
|March 14, 2024
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Aging impairs vision, increasing contrast thresholds and worsening stereoacuity. However, binocular vision shows a homeostatic balance in interocular suppression, suggesting cortical adaptation across the lifespan.

Keywords:
agingbinocular combinationcontrast thresholdinterocular suppressionstereopsis

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Area of Science:

  • Vision science
  • Neuroscience
  • Gerontology

Background:

  • Age-related changes in monocular vision are well-documented.
  • The impact of aging on binocular vision remains less understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate age-related differences in monocular contrast thresholds and binocular visual functions.
  • To explore how aging affects interocular suppression and stereoacuity.

Main Methods:

  • Compared 28 older adults (53-66 years) with 28 younger adults (20-31 years).
  • Assessed monocular contrast thresholds, dichoptic masking, binocular balance point, and stereoacuity.

Main Results:

  • Aging significantly increased monocular contrast thresholds (p < 0.001).
  • Stereoacuity was significantly worse in older adults (p = 0.002).
  • Interocular suppression showed no significant net difference, suggesting homeostatic adaptation.

Conclusions:

  • Aging affects contrast sensitivity and stereoacuity, consistent with prior research.
  • Binocular vision exhibits a homeostatic mechanism in interocular suppression across the lifespan.
  • These findings suggest cortical adaptation to maintain visual balance with age.