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Review of acute pancreatitis in children in India

Sudesh Kumar1, Piyali Bhattacharya1, Devesh Gagan1

  • 1Department of Pediatrics, MGM Medical College, Kishanganj, Bihar, India.

Journal of Family Medicine and Primary Care
|March 14, 2024
PubMed

Insights

Pediatric acute pancreatitis (AP) incidence is rising in India. Idiopathic causes are most common, with necrotizing pancreatitis and a 1.6-3.6% mortality rate, necessitating increased pediatrician awareness.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatrics
  • Gastroenterology
  • Epidemiology

Background:

  • The incidence of acute pancreatitis (AP) in children has notably increased over the past two decades.
  • There is a significant lack of comprehensive research on pediatric AP within India.
  • Understanding AP's epidemiology, etiology, and severity is crucial for effective prevention and management in children.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review and analyze the incidence, etiology, complications, and outcomes of acute pancreatitis in children in India.
  • To provide pediatricians with essential epidemiological and etiological data for early diagnosis and treatment.
  • To highlight trends and identify areas for improved pediatric AP care.

Main Methods:

  • Conducted an independent literature search on PubMed and Google Scholar.
  • Analyzed articles by Indian authors published from 1990 onwards focusing on pediatric acute pancreatitis.
  • Synthesized data on incidence, causes, complications, and mortality rates.

Main Results:

  • The incidence of pediatric acute pancreatitis in India ranges from 12-20 cases per year.
  • Idiopathic causes are the most frequent, accounting for 21-82.25% of cases.
  • Necrotizing pancreatitis affects 2.5-22.5% of children, a higher rate than in Western countries, with a mortality rate of 1.6-3.6%.

Conclusions:

  • Research in India indicates a considerable increase in pediatric acute pancreatitis incidence.
  • Idiopathic etiology and a significant rate of necrotizing pancreatitis are key findings.
  • The observed mortality rate underscores the need for heightened awareness and improved management strategies for pediatric AP in India.

Keywords:
Acute pancreatitisincidencenecrotizing pancreatitis

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