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Related Concept Videos

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There are two main infrared (IR) spectrophotometers: dispersive IR spectrometers and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectrometers. In a dispersive IR spectrometer, a beam of infrared radiation produced by a hot wire is divided into two parallel equal-intensity beams using mirrors. One beam passes through the sample, while another is a reference beam. The beams then move through the monochromator, which separates the radiations into a continuous spectrum of different frequencies. The...
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Body temperature can be assessed using various devices and measured in Celsius or Fahrenheit.
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A thermometer measures body temperature. The common sites for measuring body temperature are the oral cavity, axillary region, temporal artery, and skin surface, such as the forehead, abdomen, and axilla. True core body temperature is assessed in the rectum, tympanic membrane, pulmonary artery, esophagus, and urinary bladder.
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When electromagnetic radiation passes through a material, atoms or molecules transition from a lower to a higher energy state by absorbing radiation corresponding to the energy difference between the two states. The absorption of infrared (IR) radiation causes transitions between vibrational energy levels in a molecule. Therefore, IR spectroscopy is a useful analytical tool for determining the molecular structure of molecules.
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Total internal reflection fluorescence microscopy or TIRF is an advanced microscopic technique used to visualize fluorophores in samples close to a solid surface with a higher refractive index, such as a glass coverslip. TIRF only allows fluorophores in proximity to the solid surface to be excited. When light from a medium with a lower refractive index (such as air) hits the glass coverslip at a critical angle, the light undergoes total internal reflection stead of passing through the glass.
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Updated: Jul 1, 2025

Infrared Thermography for the Detection of Changes in Brown Adipose Tissue Activity
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Infrared thermal imaging camera to measure low temperature thermal fields.

E Gordiyenko1, Yu Fomenko1, G Shustakova1

  • 1B.Verkin Institute for Low Temperature Physics and Engineering, NAS of Ukraine, Nauky ave. 47, 61103 Kharkiv, Ukraine.

The Review of Scientific Instruments
|March 14, 2024
PubMed
Summary

A new thermal imaging camera accurately measures low-temperature fields down to -150°C using an internal reference shutter. This advancement improves temperature measurement accuracy for cold objects and biological tissues.

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Area of Science:

  • Physics
  • Biophysics
  • Optical Engineering

Background:

  • Accurate measurement of low-temperature thermal fields is crucial for various scientific applications.
  • Existing thermal imaging systems face challenges in precisely measuring sub-zero temperatures.
  • Radiometric calibration is essential for reliable thermal data acquisition.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a novel single-element cooled thermal imaging camera for precise low-temperature measurements.
  • To enhance the accuracy of measuring cold objects using an improved internal radiometric calibration method.
  • To validate the camera's performance in studying dynamic thermal processes in biological tissues.

Main Methods:

  • Development of a cooled thermal imaging camera operating in the 8-14 μm spectral range.
  • Integration of an internal shutter with a combined emissivity (blackened surface and mirror) for radiometric calibration.
  • Utilizing differential detector response between shutter areas for signal processing.
  • Experimental validation at temperatures as low as -150°C.

Main Results:

  • Achieved a relative measurement error of 3% for objects at -150°C.
  • The internal shutter design provided an effective radiation reference across a wide spectral range.
  • Demonstrated successful remote thermal field dynamics monitoring during in vivo freeze-thawing of biological tissues.

Conclusions:

  • The developed thermal imaging camera offers high accuracy for low-temperature measurements.
  • The innovative internal calibration method enhances the reliability of thermal data for cold objects.
  • The system is suitable for advanced research in biophysics and thermal dynamics.