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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 10, 2026

Optical Coherence Tomography: Imaging Mouse Retinal Ganglion Cells In Vivo

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LONGITUDINAL ADAPTIVE OPTICS SCANNING LASER OPHTHALMOSCOPY REVEALS REGIONAL VARIATION IN CONE AND ROD PHOTORECEPTOR

Hongxin Song¹, Hui Hang², Kaiwen Li³

¹Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Institute of Ophthalmology, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, National Engineering Research Center for Ophthalmology, Beijing, China.

Retina (Philadelphia, Pa.)

|March 14, 2024

Summary

Cone cell loss is an early sign of Stargardt disease type 1. Adaptive optics scanning laser ophthalmoscopy can track photoreceptor changes over time in patients with this condition.

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Area of Science:

Ophthalmology
Genetics
Cell Biology

Background:

Stargardt disease type 1 is a genetic retinal disorder.
Photoreceptor degeneration is a hallmark of Stargardt disease.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the temporal sequence of photoreceptor cell mosaic changes in Stargardt disease type 1.
To evaluate the utility of adaptive optics scanning laser ophthalmoscopy (AOSLO) for longitudinal monitoring.

Main Methods:

Two brothers with Stargardt disease type 1 underwent serial eye examinations including AOSLO over 28 months.
Photoreceptor counts and spacing were analyzed using custom software.
Statistical analysis compared changes across imaging sessions.

Main Results:

AOSLO showed a 30% decline in foveal cone density in 8 months, progressing to complete loss at 28 months in the younger brother.
The older brother had no foveal cones at baseline.
Both patients exhibited increased cone and rod spacing in the peripheral macula.

Conclusions:

Cone cell loss may represent an early pathogenic event in Stargardt disease type 1.
AOSLO is a valuable tool for tracking individual photoreceptor changes longitudinally in Stargardt disease.