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Data Linkages for Wildfire Exposures and Human Health Studies: A Scoping Review.

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Area of Science:

  • Environmental Health
  • Public Health
  • Epidemiology

Background:

  • Wildfires are increasing in frequency and intensity, posing significant risks to human health.
  • Understanding the health impacts of wildfires requires robust environmental exposure and health outcome data.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review wildfire-related health effects.
  • To identify and describe data sources for wildfire exposure and health outcomes.
  • To pinpoint gaps and opportunities for advancing research using exposure and health data.

Main Methods:

  • A scoping review of 83 articles from PubMed.
  • Analysis of environmental exposure and health outcome data sources used in wildfire research.

Main Results:

  • Most studies focused on respiratory and cardiovascular outcomes.
  • Hospital administrative data was the primary health data source; fine particulate matter (PM2.5) from monitoring networks was the main exposure measure.
  • Health data lacked real-time, spatial, and temporal coverage for long-latency outcomes, while exposure data, though better covered, missed complex pollutant mixtures and non-air pathways.

Conclusions:

  • Existing data sources provide a foundation but have limitations in real-time, spatial, and temporal resolution.
  • Opportunities exist to improve data collection, integration, and accessibility for a comprehensive understanding of wildfire health impacts.
  • Enhanced data strategies are needed to address complex exposures and long-term health consequences of environmental events.