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Opioid prescription patterns among commercially insured children with and without cerebral palsy

Lubna Ayoubi1, Jessica Pruente1, Alecia K Daunter1

  • 1Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.

Journal of Pediatric Rehabilitation Medicine
|March 15, 2024
PubMed

Insights

Children with cerebral palsy (CP) have higher opioid exposure rates and longer prescription durations compared to peers without CP. This highlights a significant disparity in pain management for pediatric patients with CP.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric medicine
  • Neurology
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Cerebral palsy (CP) is a complex neurological disorder affecting movement and posture.
  • Opioid use in pediatric populations requires careful consideration due to potential risks.
  • Understanding prescription patterns is crucial for optimizing pain management in children with CP.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare opioid prescription patterns in children with and without cerebral palsy (CP).
  • To quantify differences in opioid exposure and duration of supply between these two groups.

Main Methods:

  • A cohort study utilizing commercial claims data from 2015-2016.
  • Inclusion of children aged 2-18 years, with and without CP.
  • Statistical analysis using a zero-inflated generalized linear model to compare opioid exposure and days supplied, adjusting for covariates.

Main Results:

  • Children with CP showed a higher proportion of opioid exposure (12.1% vs. 5.3%) and longer supply durations (median 8 vs. 6 days).
  • This disparity was observed even in the youngest age group (2-4 years).
  • Factors like older age, Asian race/ethnicity, and absence of co-occurring NDDs were associated with longer supply in children with CP.

Conclusions:

  • Children with cerebral palsy (CP) are significantly more likely to be prescribed opioids.
  • Opioid prescriptions for children with CP tend to be for a greater number of days.
  • These findings underscore the need for targeted strategies in managing pain and opioid use in pediatric CP.
Abstract

Keywords:
Cerebral palsyepidemiologyopioids

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