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Comparison of 3D-Printed Single Crown Outcomes Among Different Computer-Aided Design Software Programs.

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    Computer-aided design (CAD) software choice impacts 3D-printed dental crown design time but not clinical outcomes. Experienced technicians ensure quality with low-cost 3D printing, though milling offers superior results.

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    Area of Science:

    • Dental Materials Science
    • Digital Dentistry
    • Additive Manufacturing

    Background:

    • Low-cost resin 3D printers are increasingly used for interim single crowns in dental practices.
    • Assessing the influence of different computer-aided design (CAD) software on 3D-printed crown outcomes is crucial for clinical adoption.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To evaluate the impact of various CAD software programs on the 3D trueness, marginal/internal gaps, design time, and interproximal contacts of 3D-printed resin crowns.
    • To compare the performance of different CAD software and operators in producing 3D-printed dental restorations.

    Main Methods:

    • An in vitro study involving 90 resin-prepared teeth on a dental manikin.
    • Crowns were designed using TRIOS, EXOCAD, and Zirkonzahn (ZZ) software by an experienced technician (n=15 each).
    • Interoperator reproducibility was assessed with clinician and technician groups (ZZ-DENT, ZZ-PROS), and milled crowns (ZZ-CONTROL) served as a control.

    Main Results:

    • No significant differences in 3D trueness or marginal/internal gaps were found among CAD software or operators.
    • The TRIOS software group required significantly longer design time compared to EXOCAD and ZZ.
    • Experienced CAD technicians outperformed less-experienced operators in time and interproximal contacts; milled crowns outperformed 3D-printed ones.

    Conclusions:

    • CAD software choice affects design time but not the clinical quality of 3D-printed resin crowns when designed by experienced technicians.
    • Experienced CAD technicians are key to achieving reliable outcomes with low-cost 3D printing technology.
    • Milled crowns demonstrated superior performance across all assessed variables compared to 3D-printed counterparts.